Sri Ganganagar district is divided into eleven tehsils, each with a designated headquarters. The tehsils are Sri Ganganagar, Sri Karanpur with its headquarters in Karanpur, Sadulshahar, Padampur, Suratgarh, Anupgarh with its headquarters in Anupgarh, Sri Bijaynagar with its headquarters in Vijainagar, Gharsana with its headquarters in Gharsana, Raisinghnagar with its headquarters in Raisinghnagar, Gajsinghpur, and Rawla Mandi.
In addition to the tehsils, the district contains twelve sub‑tehsils: Lalgarh Jattan, Hindumalkot, Chunawadh, Mirzawala, Binjhbayla, Ridmalsar, Rajiasar, Jaitsar, 365 Head (2KLD), Kesrisinghpur, Muklawa, and Sameja. The administrative structure includes nine sub‑division offices (SDOs) located in Ganganagar, Sadulsahar, Karanpur, Padampur, Raisinghnagar, Vijainagar, Anupgarh, Gharsana, and Suratgarh.
The district has one municipal council in Ganganagar city and ten municipal boards spread across Suratgarh, Sadulshahar, Padampur, Karanpur, Gajsinghpur, Kesrisinghpur, Raisinghnagar, Vijainagar, Anupgarh, and Gharsana. Governance at the village level is organized through 409 gram panchayats, overseeing a total of 3,061 villages, which is the highest number of villages in Rajasthan.
Politically, the district is represented in the national parliament by Member of Parliament Kuldeep Indora of the Indian National Congress. At the state level, the Member of Legislative Assembly is Jaydeep Bihani of the Bharatiya Janata Party.