Baran district lies at 25.1°N 76.52°E and sits at an average elevation of 262 metres. It is part of the Kota Plateau within the Vindhya Range and is notable for the Ramgarh crater, formed by a meteorite impact.
The district is traversed by several rivers, including the Kali Sindh, Parvati, Parwan, Andheri, and Ban‑Ganga, which contribute to its water resources.
Baran experiences a dry climate for most of the year, with distinct seasonal patterns. Winter extends from mid‑November to February, while summer runs from March to mid‑June. The monsoon season spans from mid‑June to September, followed by a post‑monsoon or retreating monsoon period from October to mid‑November.
The average annual rainfall is 895.2 mm. January is the coldest month, with an average daily maximum of 24.3 °C and a minimum of 10.6 °C.